Currency rates,Dollar,Euro,Franc,Yuan

Currency rates as on 31-07-2010

Indian Rupees (1 Rupee is ... )

Currency Name- Currency rate
Australian Dollar- 0.024
Canadian Dollar -0.0223
Danish Kroner -0.1235
Euro -0.0166
Hong Kong Dollar- 0.1676
Indonesian Rupiah- 192.7525
Japanese Yen -1.8632
New Zealand Dollar- 0.0298
Norwegian Kroner -0.1321
Pound Sterling -0.0138
Singapore Dollar- 0.0294
South Korean Won- 25.5421
Swedish Kroner -0.1565
Swiss Franc -0.0224
Thai Baht -0.6955
US Dollar -0.0216
Chinese Yuan- 0.1462
Arab Emirates Dirham- 0.0792

Important Temples and Mosques,golden temple,Dilwara Temple , Jaganath Temple, Khajuraho Temple,Mahabalipuram ,

Important Temples and Mosques

Bodh gaya Temple - Bodh Gaya ,Bihar

Dilwara Temple - Mount Abu ,Rajasthan

Golden Temple - Amritsar,Punjab

Jaganath Temple - Puri, Orissa

Juma Masjid - Delhi

Khajuraho Temple - Khajuraho, M P

Mahabalipuram Temple - Mahabalipuam Tamilnadu

Meenakshi Temple - Madurai ,Tamilnadu

Moti Masjid - Agra ,U P

Nataraj Temple - Chithambaram Tamil Nadu

Sreerangam Temple - Thrichy Tamilnadu

Somanath Temple - Gujarat

SunTemple or KonarkTemple -Konark ,Orissa

Omkar Temple - Omkarji M P

Philately,Postal stamps,Sr.Alphonsa,Mira Bhai,collection of stamps

Philately

The study and collection of stamps is called Philately.

Britain is the first country in the world to issue postal stamps, in 1840 (its name was Penny black)

The first Postal Stamp of Independent India was issued in 1947( Nov 21)

The Indian whose picture is depicted on the stamps of more number of countries is Mahatma Gandhi.

The first Indian Women to be figured on postal stamp is Mira Bhai.

The first Keralite to be figured on Indian postal stamp is Sri Narayana Guru .

Sister Alphonsa is the first Kerala woman to be figured on Indian Postal stamp.

Atomic Power Station Project ,Kaiga,Tarapur,Narora ,Power station

Atomic power plants

Tarapur Atomic power Station-Tarapur,Maharashtra

Madras Atomic Power station -Kalpakkam,Tamil nadu

Rajasthan Atomic Power Station -Rawatbhata,Rajasthan

Narora Atomic Power Station-Narora U P

Kakrapara Atomic Power Station Project - Kakrappara ,Gujarat

Koodankulam Nuclear Power Project -Koodankulam,Tamil nadu

Kaiga Power Project-Kaiga ,Karnataka

Air Force Training Centres,Paratrooper,Pilot Training ,Bangalore

Air Force Training Centres

Air Force Academy-Hyderabad

Paratrooper's Training School- Agra

School of Aviation Medicine-Bangalore

Air Warfare School-Hyderabad

Pilot Training Establishment -Allahabad

Airforce Administrative College-Coimbatore

Air Force School -Jalahalli , Bangalore

Air Force school -Tambaram ,T N

Naval Training Centres ,Lonavala,Kochi,Mumbai,Port Blair,Marmugao

Naval Training Centres

Indian Naval Academy -Kochi

INS Venduruthy-Kochi

Naval Air Station ,Garuda-Kochi

INS Circars-Vishakapattanam

INS Hamla-Mumbai

INS Satavahana -Vishakapattanam

INS Kunjali-Mumbai

INS Shivaji-Lonavala

INS Valsura-Jamnagar

INS Aswini-Mumbai

INS Gomandak-Marmugao

INS Jarawa-Port Blair

Naval Gunnery School-Kochi

Torpedo-Anti-Submarine School-Kochi

Navigation Direction School-Marmugao

Army Shool ,Military Training Institutes,Military School,

Military Training Institutes

Indian Military Academy -Dehra Dun

Army Officer's Training School-Pune

School of Artillery-Deolali

College of Military Training-Kirkee

Army Cadet College-Derha Dun

Army School of Physical Train-Pune

School of Signals-Mhow

Infantry School-Mhow

School of Mechanical Transport-Bangalore

Corps Military Police Centre and School-Faizabad

Military School of Music-Pachmarhi

Army Cadet College-Dehra Dun

Officer's Training Academy-Chennai

Counter Insurgency and Jungle Warfare School -Vetyrangte,Mizoram

Major industrial centres ,Iron and steel,Hamilton,Cotton Textiles,ship building,Diamond,San Francisco,Garments,Venice,Paper,Silks,Aircraft

Major industrial centres of the world

Centre - Major Industry
Anshan - Iron and steel
Hamilton - Iron and steel
Windsor - Automobile
Quebec - ship building
Shangahai - Cotton Textiles
Glascow - Ship building
San Francisco-Ship Building
Ottawa - Paper
Kimberely - Diamond
Johanesburg - Goldmining
Hawana - Cigar
Venice - Glass
New York - Garments,Ship building
Pittsberg - Iron and steel
Wellington - Dairy
Manchester,Leons - Cotton Textiles,Silks
Dalla - Aircraft

Stock Markets on Tuesday, July 27, 2010 ,CSE,BSE,NSE

Stock Markets on Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Indices- Latest -Previous

BSE Sensex 18077.61 18020.05

NSE Nifty 5430.60 5418.60

CNX 500 4508.90 4497.50

Top Gainers at the NSE as on Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Top Gainers
Name Close(Rs.) Previous(Rs.)

Hero Honda Motors Ltd 1863 -1804.3

Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd 639.85- 620.5

Acc Limited 848.45- 824.05

Tata Motors Limited 844.55- 821.2

Dlf Limited 320.05- 313.1

Ambuja Cements Ltd 118.4- 116.35

Hcl Technologies Ltd 380.5- 373.95

Idea Cellular Limited 68.6- 67.55

Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. 1207.5 -1191.45

Sterlite Inds (Ind) Ltd 176.1 -173.85

Punjab National Bank 1051.1 -1038.85

Wipro Ltd 418.05- 413.45

Reliance Capital Ltd 790.4 -781.75

Hindalco Industries Ltd 157.25 -155.55

State Bank Of India 2435.15 -2410.15

Bharat Petroleum Corp Lt 630.15- 624.3

Reliance Infrastructu Ltd 1147.6- 1137.1

Infosys Technologies Ltd 2828.8- 2804.45

Sun Pharmaceuticals Ind. 1774.95- 1759.85

Icici Bank Ltd. 924.2- 916.7

Hdfc Bank Ltd 2066.8 -2051.9

Bharti Airtel Limited 322.65- 320.4

Oil And Natural Gas Corp. 1262.9 -1255.25

Itc Ltd 304.25-302.7

Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd 766.85- 763.7

Unitech Ltd 84.6 -84.35

Power Grid Corp. Ltd. 101.15- 101

Cairn India Limited 331.5 -331.25

Ranbaxy Labs Ltd 445.75 -445.45

Cipla Ltd 325.7 -325.5

Bajaj Auto Limited 2654.15 -2528.45

United Phosphorus Limited 186.3 -179.35

Adani Enterprises Limited 586.8- 568.95

Housing Dev & Infra Ltd 262.6- 256

Ultratech Cement Limited 845.65 -829.15

Lic Housing Finance Ltd 1081.8-1061.45

Indian Overseas Bank 114.95 -113.05

Indiabulls Real Est. Ltd 162.15- 159.6

Union Bank Of India 323.8- 320.05

Syndicate Bank 103.05- 102.1

Idbi Bank Limited 120.2-119.1

Bank Of India 397.35 -393.85

Power Fin Corp Ltd. 320.25- 317.65

Sesa Goa Ltd 368.3- 366.1

Hindustan Petroleum Corp 433.15- 430.8

Federal Bank Ltd 344.7- 342.85

Gmr Infrastructure Ltd. 58.95 -58.65

Bank Of Baroda 723.95 -721.4

Patni Computer Syst Ltd 510.85 -509.1

Torrent Power Ltd 343.2-342.1

Ashok Leyland Ltd 71.85 -71.7

Andhra Bank 141.7- 141.6

Glenmark Pharmaceuticals 284.9 -284.8

Man Alum. Ltd 64.8 -54 20

Dolphin Off. Ent Ind Ltd. 290.3- 246.05

Halonix Limited 108.05- 92.55

Antarctica Ltd 0.45- 0.4

Siyaram Silk Mills Ltd 313.8- 279.9

Cheslind Textiles Ltd 15.3 -13.7

Nitco Limited 57.7- 51.7

Teledata Tech Sol Ltd 2- 1.8

Magnum Ventures Ltd. 12.25 -11.1

Ruchira Papers Limited 12.4 -11.25

Tci Finance Ltd 43.7 -39.7

Lakshmi Mills Co Ltd 2695.9- 2457.55

Future Cap Holding Ltd. 242.45- 221.7

Enkei Castalloy Ltd 96.75 -88.5

Ifgl Refractories Ltd 56 -51.45

Pochiraju Ind Ltd 25.95- 23.85

Cronimet Alloys India Ltd 57.75- 53.3

Plastiblends India Ltd 197.25 -182.15

Honda Siel Power Prod Ltd 501.25- 464.25

Mm Forgings Ltd 90.2- 84.15

Lcc Infotech Ltd 0.75 -0.7

Value Industries Limited 28.85 -27.05

Kernex Microsys(I) Ltd 133.9 -125.55

Xpro India Limited 45.8 -43.05

Viceroy Hotels Limited 55.05 -51.85

Dpsc Limited 968.85 -912.95

Info-Drive Software Ltd 27.2- 25.65

Manappuram Gen Fin 87.55 -82.75

Top Losers at the NSE as on Tuesday, July 27, 2010

Top Losers
Name Close(Rs.) Previous.)

Larsen & Toubro Ltd. 1863.65- 1919.95

Abb Ltd. 809.1- 827.3

Gail (India) Ltd 449.4- 456.7

Bhel 2449.55 -2471.35

Infra. Dev. Fin. Co. Ltd 190.3- 191.95

Axis Bank Limited 1374.45 -1385.85

Hdfc Ltd 2939- 2958.55

Hindustan Unilever Ltd. 260.4 -261.95

Reliance Communications L 187.6- 188.55

Jaiprakash Associates Ltd 120.6 -121.2

Tata Steel Limited 529.85- 532.4

Suzlon Energy Limited 59.05 -59.25

Steel Authority Of India 207.25 -207.8

Siemens Ltd 718.45 -720.15

Ntpc Ltd 201.35 -201.75

Jindal Steel & Power Ltd 639.5- 640.65

Reliance Power Ltd. 172.35- 172.5

Tata Consultancy Serv Lt 849.15- 849.25

Tata Power Co Ltd 1325.6- 1325.65 0

Tech Mahindra Limited 710.45 -737.55

Asian Paints Limited 2438.35 -2524.2

Greaves Ltd 275.15 -283.75

Aditya Birla Nuvo Limited 787.65- 805.5

Punj Lloyd Limited 130.25- 132.2

Ifci Ltd 61- 61.7

Oracle Fin Serv Soft Ltd. 2117.5- 2141.7

Dr. Reddy's Laboratories 1330.5- 1343.45

Container Corp Of Ind Ltd 1382.45- 1393.5

Colgate Palmolive Ltd. 846.4 -852.8

Jsw Steel Limited 1162.4 -1171

Zee Entertainment Ent Ltd 297.35 -299.4

Lupin Limited 1953.55- 1965.65

Corporation Bank 565.9 -569.4

Bharat Electronics Ltd 1816.15- 1827.35

Rel. Nat. Resources Ltd. 43.3 -43.55

Mrpl 79.7- 80.15

The Indian Hotels Co. Ltd 101.95-102.5

Bharat Forge Ltd 325.95- 327.55

Tata Teleserv(Maharastra) 21.45 -21.55

Mphasis Limited 616- 618.2

Biocon Limited. 319.3- 320.35

Glaxosmithkline Pharma Lt 2060- 2065.05

Mundra Port & Sez Ltd 725.4 -726.6

Canara Bank 468.55- 469.15

Cummins India Ltd 589-589.7

United Spirits Limited 1377.2- 1378.8

Srg Infotech (India) Ltd 0.65- 0.75

Sona Koyo Ster Sys Ltd 20.4- 22.9

Manjeera Const Ltd 82.85 -92.7

Shree Ganesh Forg. Ltd 8.5- 9.3

Klrf Limited 26.8 -28.8

Peacock Industries Ltd 2.75 -2.95

Vaibhav Gems Ltd 38.15- 40.9

Frank. Temp. Csf 5Yg 12.25- 13.1

Century Enka Ltd 216.2 -230.2

Seshasayee Paper & Boards 197.5 -210.1

Vinyl Chemicals (I) Ltd. 19.05 -20.25

Softpro Systems Limited 215.1- 228.05

Mahindra Holidays Ltd 515- 544.35

Kakatiya Cem Sugar &Ind L 91.4- 96.55

Radico Khaitan Ltd 128.75 -135.95

Fdc Limited 89.8- 94.5

Lloyds Finance Ltd 1.95- 2.05

Asian Granito Ind. Ltd. 62 -65.05

Andhra Dectch Warrants 76.7 -80.35

Granules India Limited 91.65 -95.9

Times Guaranty Limited 76.45 -79.95

Rajapalayam Mills Limited 495.1 -517.45

Pricol Limited 28.75 -30

Binani Industries Ltd 114.9-119.85

Norben Tea & Exports Ltd 11.65- 12.15

Kpr Mill Ltd. 152.5- 159

Pearl Engg Polymers Ltd 4.7 -4.9

Persons and their popular names,Shakespeare,Adolf Hiltler

Persons and their popular names

cbse results

Bard of Avon-Shakespeare

Feehrer-Adolf Hiltler

Grand Old man of India-Dadabhai Naoroji

Great Commoner-Pitt the Younger

Gurudev-Rabindranath Tagore

Lady with the Lamp-Florence Nightingale

Kipper-Field Marshall K M Kariappa

Grand Old man of Britain-William Ewart Gladstone

El Caudillo-Francisco Franco

The Enlightened -Buddha

Golden Girl of India-P T Usha

Ike-Dwight David Eishenhower

Little Corporal -Napoleon

Man of Destiny-Napoleon

Lokmanya Tilak-Bal Gangadar Thilak

Maiden Queen-Elizabeth I

Maid of Orleans-Joan Of Arc

Mark Twain-Samuel Clemens

Man of Blood and Iron-Bismark

Iron Man of India-Sardar Patel

Nightingale of India-Sarojini Naidu

Saint of Gutters-Mother Theresa

Tiger of Sorrows-Tenzing Norway

Wizard of the South-Walter Scott

Asian Games,Sports ,Games

Asian Games

Asian Games is the most important sports event of Asia.Asian Games are held once in four years.The first Asian Games were held in1951 in New Delhi by the initiative of Jawaharlal Nehru.Dr.Rajendra Prasad inaugurated the first Asian Games.Eleven Nations participated in the first Asian Games.Prof Guru Dhat Sodhi was known as the Father of Asian Games.

Venues of Asian Games
Year - Venue
1975 - New Delhi,India

1954 - Manila,Philippines

1958 - Tokyo,Japan

1962 - Jakarta,Indonesia

1966 - Bangkok,Thailand

1970 - Bangkok ,Thailand

1974 - Tehran,Iran

1978 - Bangkok ,Thailand

1982 - New Delhi,India

1986 - Seoul,South Korea

1990 - Beijing,China

1994 - Hiroshima,Japan

1998 - Bangkok.Thailand

2002 - Busan,South Korea

2006 - Doha,Qatar

2010 - Guangzhou,China (scheduled)

2014 - Incheon,South Korea (scheduled)

The Common Wealth Games ,Canada ,Australia

The Common Wealth Games

The Common Wealth Games is the sports festival of Common Wealth Countries .J Astley Cooper is called as 'The founder of Common wealth games'.The games are held once every four years.The common wealth games began in 1930 at Hamilton ,Canada.The Common Wealth games were originally called the British Empire Games .From 1978 it began to be known as Common wealth Games .Kuala Lumpur( Malaysia,1998)is the first Asianvenue for commonwealth games.The venue for the 2010 games is Delhi.Australia hosted most number of Commonwealth games.The First Youth Common Wealth games were held in Bendigo (Australia, 2004) 18th Commonwealth games were held at Melbourne.Australia hosted the Commonwealth games,Sydney(1938)Perth(1962)Brisbane(1982),Melbourne(2006)

Venues of Commonwealth Games
Year Venue
1930-Hamilton,Canada

1934-London,UK

1938-Sydney,Australia

1950-Auckland,New Zealand

1954-Vancouver,Canada

1958-Cardiff,UK

1962-Perth ,Australia

1966-Jamaica,West Indies

1970-Edinburgh,UK

1974-Christchurch,New Zealand

1978-Edmonton,Canada

1982-Brisbane,Australia

1986-Edinburgh,UK

1990-Auckland,New Zealand

1994-Victoria,Canada

1998-Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia

2002-Manchester,UK

2006-Melbourne,Australia

2010-New Delhi,India(Scheduled)

Memorials and Monuments ,Taj mahal,Rajghat,

Memorials and Monuments in India

Akbar's Tomb-Sikandra,Agra

Anand Bhavan-Allahabad,U.P

Aga khan Palace-Pune

Bibi-ka-Maqbara-Aurangabad,Maharashtra

Gandhi Sadan-New Delhi

Jallianwala Bagh-Amritsar

Jamia Millia-New Delhi

Kranti Maidan-Mumbai

Rajghat-New Delhi

Shaktisthal-New Delhi

Shantivan-New Delhi

Teenmurthi Bhavan-New Delhi

Tomb of Ahmed Shah-Ahmedabad

Tomb of Sher Shah-Sasaram,Bihar

Taj Mahal-Agra

Vijay Ghat-New Delhi

Vir Bhumi-New Delhi

Miltary Operations,Kargil,Vijay,Operation Tident

Miltary Operation in India

Operation Vijay-1961 to Liberate Goa,1999 to evit Pak intruders from Kargil.

Operation Tident-Indian navel operation in the Karachi port of Pakistan in 1971.

Operation Cactus Lilly-conducted during Indo-Pak War of 1971.

Operation Blue Star-1984 to evacuate terrorists from Golden temple of Amritsar.

Operation Woodrose-to crush the terrorists force from Punjab during 1984-87

Operation Meghadoot-to ocupy Siachen glacier,the highest battle field in the world in 1984.

Operation Polo-1948 to integrate Hyderabad with Indian Union.

Operation Cactus-1988 to oust Tamil mercenaries attempting a coup in Maldives

Operation Parakram-2001 to counter the attack on Parliment.

Operation Gambhir-the relief operation to Indonesia following the Tsunami of 2004.

Operation Rainbow-the relief operation of Indian navy to Sri Lanka following the Tsunami of 2004.

Operation Gasper-Indian navy's relief operation to Maldives following the Tsunami 2004.

Operation Sea Wawes-Tsunami Relief Operations of Indian navy in Andaman in 2004.

Operation Sukoon-2006 to evacuate Indians from Lebanon following the Israeli attack on Lebanon.

Operation Cocoon-to capture Veerappan, forest brigant.

Operation Vajrasakhti-2002,following the terrorist attack on Akshartham temple in Gujarat.

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS ,Nedumbassery,Kolkota

INTERNATIONAL AIRPORTS IN INDIA

Indira Gandhi International Airport(Palam)-New Delhi

Subash Chandra Bose International Airport(Dam Dam)-Kolkata

Chatrapathi Shivaji International Airport-Mumbai

Chennai International Airport(Meenampakkam)-Chennai

Thiruvananthapuram International Airport-Thiruvananthapuram

Cochin International Airport-Nedumbassery

Sardar Vallabhai Patel International Airport-Ahmedabad

Dabolin International Airport-Goa

Beegumpet International Airport-Hyderabad

Raja Sansi International Airport-Amritsar

Gopinath Barodaly International Airport-Guwahati

Bangalore International Airport-Bangalore

Dr.Babasaheb Ambedkar International Airport-Nagpur

Devi Ahalyabhai Holkar International Airport-Indore

Stock Markets on Thursday, July 22, 2010

Stock Markets on Thursday, July 22, 2010

Indices- Latest -Previous

BSE Sensex -18113.15 -17977.23

NSE Nifty- 5441.95 -5399.35

CNX 500 -4528.65- 4499.15

Top Gainers at the NSE as on Thursday, July 22, 2010

Name Close(Rs.) Previous(Rs.)

Gail (India) Ltd 474.45-459.35

Cairn India Limited 323.4 -313.65

Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd 633.25 -616.75

Bharti Airtel Limited 302.1 -295

Ambuja Cements Ltd 115- 112.35

Jaiprakash Associates Ltd 130.85-128.05

Tata Motors Limited 837- 820.35

Tata Steel Limited 540.85- 530.85

Itc Ltd 297.7- 292.35

Sterlite Inds (Ind) Ltd 176.4- 173.25

Sun Pharmaceuticals Ind. 1747.5 -1716.7

Unitech Ltd 85.85- 84.35

State Bank Of India 2476.25- 2436.75

Hdfc Ltd 3017.7- 2970.4

Jindal Steel & Power Ltd 646.95- 636.9

Power Grid Corp. Ltd. 101.45- 99.9

Ranbaxy Labs Ltd 456.75- 450.7

Suzlon Energy Limited 60.25- 59.5

Idea Cellular Limited 65.5 -64.7

Hdfc Bank Ltd 2057.25 -2033.05

Infra. Dev. Fin. Co. Ltd 192.5 -190.35

Reliance Communications L 190.05- 187.95

Steel Authority Of India 207- 204.8

Siemens Ltd 721.8- 714.6

Dlf Limited 327- 323.95

Hindalco Industries Ltd 157.9- 156.45

Cipla Ltd 328.05-325.3

Ntpc Ltd 204.4-202.8

Axis Bank Limited 1356.8- 1347.15

Icici Bank Ltd. 908.7- 902.6

Bajaj Auto Limited 2490.5-2413.65

Biocon Limited. 331.15 -320.95

Crompton Greaves Ltd 289.5- 282.35

United Phosphorus Limited 184.25 -179.75

Jsw Steel Limited 1200.55- 1175.4

Ifci Ltd 62.1- 60.9

Adani Enterprises Limited 558.9- 549.3

Asian Paints Limited 2521.9- 2479.55

Colgate Palmolive Ltd. 849.85- 836.15

Torrent Power Ltd 350.85-345.4

Tata Teleserv(Maharastra) 21.8- 21.5

Aditya Birla Nuvo Limited 832.1- 824.45

Cummins India Ltd 596.5 -591.2

Housing Dev & Infra Ltd 279.45- 277.35

Ashok Leyland Ltd 72.75- 72.3

Patni Computer Syst Ltd 522.6- 519.9

Bharat Electronics Ltd 1810.25- 1801.75

Sesa Goa Ltd 366.75- 365.55

Canara Bank 485.7- 484.2

Punj Lloyd Limited 136.3- 136

The Indian Hotels Co. Ltd 103.3 -103.25

Tci Finance Ltd 33.8 -28.15

Mcdowell Holdings Ltd. 118.1- 98.4

United Breweries Ltd 281.6- 234.65

Sreibond-100Flosbiplr2012 90.95- 76.2

United Brew. (Hold.) Ltd 274.45- 234.25 3%

Fcd 2011 159.99- 137.01

Kakatiya Cem Sugar &Ind L 104.3- 90.95

Dpsc Limited 956.95- 835.45

Atlas Cycle (Haryana) Ltd 242.05- 211.85

Hercules Hoi. Ltd. 242.8- 215.4

Halonix Limited 91.25- 81

Bombay Burmah Trading Cor 450.5 -400.65

Magma Fincorp Limited 338.7- 301.7

Aplab Limited 47.8 -43.05

Vinyl Chemicals (I) Ltd. 19.45- 17.65

Gati Limited 80 -72.7

Deepak Fertilizers & Petr 156.3 -142.4

Global Vec Helicorp Ltd 56.1- 51.15

Nitco Limited 52.1- 47.6

Dhanus Tech. Ltd. 19.05- 17.45

Manjeera Const Ltd 92.85 -85.1

Malwa Cotton Spg. Mills L 46.05 -42.25

Pioneer Dist Ltd 58.5- 53.8

Cambridge Tech Enter Ltd 22.9- 21.2

Ingersoll-Rand India Ltd 404.15 -374.2

Aml Steel Limited 51.75- 48

Kamat Hotels (I) Ltd 133.1- 123.5

Gabriel India Ltd 61.7 -57.25

Bell Ceramics Ltd. 9.1 -8.45

Khaitan Electricals Ltd 128.9- 119.85

Top Losers at the NSE as on Thursday, July 22, 2010

Name Close(Rs.) Previous(Rs.)

Kotak Mahindra Bank Ltd 769.5 -784.95

Acc Limited 816.15-824.8

Reliance Infrastructu Ltd 1130.75-1139.7

Bharat Petroleum Corp Lt 641.15- 646.1

Infosys Technologies Ltd 2754.5- 2771.65

Maruti Suzuki India Ltd. 1354.15- 1362.4

Tata Power Co Ltd 1329.9 -1335.55

Punjab National Bank 1058.6- 1061.6

Hcl Technologies Ltd 370.8- 371.45

Zee Entertainment Ent Ltd 301.2- 306.65

Dr. Reddy's Laboratories 1380.7- 1404.75

Andhra Bank 143.85 -145.7

Bank Of India 403.15- 407.95

Power Fin Corp Ltd. 323.2 -327

Syndicate Bank 103.3 -104.4

Federal Bank Ltd 356.1- 359.6

Lupin Limited 1862.2 -1877.85

Container Corp Of Ind Ltd 1390.25- 1400.85

Mundra Port & Sez Ltd 725.55 -730.7

Indiabulls Real Est. Ltd 166.1 -167.25

Ultratech Cement Limited 844.05 -849.4

Tech Mahindra Limited 749.7- 754.4

Gmr Infrastructure Ltd. 60.45- 60.8

Mphasis Limited 612.65 -616.1

Glenmark Pharmaceuticals 280.15- 281.55

Oracle Fin Serv Soft Ltd. 2164.65- 2173.5

Corporation Bank 573.55 -575.1

Mrpl 80.25 -80.4

Lic Housing Finance Ltd 1038.8 -1040.2

United Spirits Limited 1381.55 -1383.4

Indian Overseas Bank 114.8 -114.95

Idbi Bank Limited 122.15- 122.3

Rel. Nat. Resources Ltd. 44.3 -44.35

Union Bank Of India 324.55 -324.9

Bharat Forge Ltd 334.05- 334.4

Glaxosmithkline Pharma Lt 2029.9- 2030.95

Bank Of Baroda 726.5- 726.7

Hindustan Petroleum Corp 440.65- 440.7

Thinksoft Global Ser Ltd 160.4- 177.5

Indoco Remedies Ltd. 440.2-479.55

Mastek Ltd 271.1- 294.15

Impex Ferro Tech Limited 12.4- 13.3

Srg Infotech (India) Ltd 0.7- 0.75

Lcc Infotech Ltd 0.7- 0.75

Rane Brake Lining Ltd 113.65- 121.7

Melstar Information Tech 10.6- 11.35

Abhishek Industries Ltd. 17.1- 18.3

Gkb Ophthalmics Ltd 60.5 -64.65

Hind Syntex Ltd 3.85- 4.1

Andhra Dectch Warrants 68.15- 72

Times Guaranty Limited 90.6 -95.6

Peria Karamalai Tea 168.5-177.4

Lakshmi Fin Corp Ltd 73.45- 77.3

Pearl Engg Polymers Ltd 4.85 -5.1

Oil Country Tubular Ltd 113.25- 118.5

Hinduja Ventures Limited 361.65 -378.05

Munjal Showa Ltd 66.2-69.15

Seamec Limited 149.5 -156.05

Horizon Infrastructure Lt 244.3- 254.85

Landmark Pr.Dev.Co.Ltd 6- 6.25

Sundaram Clayton Ltd 181.8- 189.35

Anik Industries Ltd 66.65- 69.35

Kale Consultants Ltd 129.85- 135.1

Abhishek Corporation Ltd 17.6- 18.3

Surana Corporation Ltd 80.85- 83.95

Hinduja Foundries Limited 123.3 -128

Foriegn News Agencies,Arab News Agency

Foriegn News Agencies

UK-Reuters,Associated Press(A.P)

USA-International News Service ,United Press International (UPI),United Press of America

France-Near the far East News Agency,Agence France Presse

Poland-Potka Agencia Prasova

Czech Republic-Ceteka

China -Xinhua

Indonesia-Antara

Africa-Arab News Agency

Russia-TASS

India-Press Trust of India,United News of India,Samachar Bharati,Hindhustan Samachar

Rakhi -- Meaning & Significance of Raksha Bandhan,Brother - sister relation

Rakhi -- Meaning & Significance of Raksha Bandhan

The Meaning of Raksha BandhanRelationships are the essence of celebration and it holds true for any Indian festival. Each festival brings the family together which calls for a total festive environment. Raksha Bandhan is a celebration of one such relation - the relation of a brother and a sister. The relation is no where so celebrated as in India. Raksha Bandhan is a festival which celebrates the bond of affection between brothers and sisters. It is a day when the siblings pray for each others' well being and wish for each others' happiness and goodwill.
The name 'Raksha Bandhan' suggests 'a bond of protection'. On this auspicious day, brothers make a promise to their sisters to protect them from all harms and troubles and the sisters pray to God to protect their brother from all evil. The festival falls on the Shravan Purnima which comes generally in the month of August. Sisters tie the silk thread called Rakhi on their brother's wrist and pray for their well being and brothers promise to take care of their sisters.
Yet there have been examples in history where in rakhi has just been a raksha or protection. It could be tied by wife, a daughter or mother. The Rishis tied rakhi to the people who came seeking their blessings. The sages tied the sacred thread to themselves to safe guard them from the evil. It is by all means the 'Papa Todak, Punya Pradayak Parva' or the day that bestows boons and end all sins as it is mentioned in the scriptures.
Previously, Rakhi festival encompasses the warmth shared between the siblings but now it goes way beyond it. Some people tie Rakhi to neighbours and close friends signifying a peaceful co-existence of every individual. Rakhi Utsav was first popularized by Rabindranath Tagore to promote the feeling of unity and a commitment to all members of society to protect each other and encourage a harmonious Social life.
In today's scenario, the day has a different perspective. The occasion involves a pledge of life-time practice of moral, cultural and spiritual values. The values and the sentiments attached to the rituals of this festival are worth inculcating by the whole human race, the sentiments of harmony and peaceful coexistence. The festival of Raksha Bandhan assumes all forms of Raksha or protection, of righteousness and destroyer of all sin. The ritual of Rakhi tying has become so important that come what may, brothers and sisters try to visit each other place on this particular day tin order to bring back the oneness of the family, binding the family together in an emotional bond of love.
Importance of Raksha Bandhan
Around mid-August, Hindus all over the world celebrate Raksha bandhan. "Raksha" means protection, and "bandhan" means bound or binding.
In North India, the occasion is popularly called Rakhi, Raksha Bandhan or Rakshaa Bandhan- the tying of an amulet.
In ancient times a woman tied a 'rakshaa' on her husband's wrist to protect him from evil. Gradually this changed; she tied a 'rakshaa' on her brother's right wrist, to protect him from evil influence and those factors which may taint his character, and to strengthen the bond of sibling love between them. On the occasion of Rakshaa Bandhan she visits her brother's home and performs his 'pujan' by applying kumkum and rice grains on his forehead. In return the brother gives her a gift and vows to protect her too. The 'rakhadi' for rakshaa bandhan itself ranges from a coloured cotton string to exquisitely decorated balls of various sizes and materials such as fluffy cotton, 'zari' paper, tinsel, beads and so on.
On Rakshaa Bandhan a second imortance relates to 'Baleva' and our devotion to the Lord. Just as Bali Raja offered devotion to Lord Narayan by sacrificing his kingdom and himself, devotees should endeavor to emulate him. That is the true spirit of Baleva.
Rakshaa bandhan day is important for the priests too, as they tie rakhis on their patrons wrist and in return receive offerings from them. In some parts of the country it is customary to draw figures on the walls of their home and worship them with offerings of vermilion and kheer. The imprints of palms are also put on either side of the entrance and rakhis are stuck on them as part of rakshaa bandhan rituals. Some parts of India also reserve Rakshaa Bandhan day importance for the sacred thread changing ceremony when the young brahmin boys discard the old one and don a new one ritualistically. However, on rakshaa bandhan it is the emotions which are important. The rakshaa bandhan ceremony performed is the symbolic everlasting bond between brothers and sisters that reinforces ties between them even across continents, and it is the one which has the most importance on this auspicious day.

List of Aerospace / Aeronautical colleges in India,Chennai,Pune

List of Aerospace / Aeronautical colleges in India

1. Siddhartha Institute of Aeronautical Engineering and Information Technology

2. Guru Gram Institute of Aeronautical Engineering & Technology

3. Hindustan College Of Engineering

4. Hindustan Institute of Engineering Technology

5. IIT (Indian Institute of Technology), Powai, Mumbai 400076, (Maharashtra)

6. Indian Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, DehradunC-139, Sector-3, Near United Food Programme Building, Cariapppa Marg, Defence Colony, Dehradun-248001, Uttarakhand, (Uttarakhand)

7. Indian Institute of Technology, II PO, Chennai 600036, (Tamil Nadu)

8. Institute of Aviation Technology, 1265, Sector 6, Bahadurgarh, Haryana 124507, (Punjab)

9. Institute of Information Technology & Management’s Aeronautical Engineering Training Academy, Sr. No. 37, Kondwa Budruk, Pune - 411 048, (Maharashtra)

10. Mohamed Sathak Engineernig College,Kilakarai - 623 806, Ramanathapuram Dist., Tamil Nadu, (Tamil Nadu)

11. Nehru College of Aeronautics & Applied Science, 451-D, Palakkad main road, Kuniamuthur, Coimbatore - 641 008, (Tamil Nadu)

12. Park College of Engineering and Technology, Kaniyur post, Coimbatore, (Tamil Nadu)13. Rajasthan Vidhyapeeth (Deemed)University, (Rajasthan)

14. VSM Aerospace, Chelekere, Off Ring Road, KalyanNagar Post, Bangalore - 560 043, (Karnataka)

15. Academy Of Aerospace & Aviation, Swadesh Bhawan, 2, Press Complex, A.B.Road, Indore, (Madhya Pradesh)

16. Guru Gram Institute of Aeronautical Engineering & Technology, Royal Complex-467 , Near Old Paradi Naka, Bhandara Road ,Nagpur -440008, (Maharashtra)

17. Hindustan Electronics Academy, 61, Cambridge Road, P.B.No.806, Ulsoor, Bangalore 560008, (Karnataka)

18. IIT (Indian Institute of Technology), Kharagpur 721302, (West Bengal)

19. IIT, Kanpur 208016, (Uttar Pradesh)

20. Indian Institute of Aeronautics, Patna Airport, Patna 800014, (Bihar)

21. Institute of Aeronautical and Marine Engineering, Technical Campus, # 29, R. K. Layout, Padmanabhanagar, Bangalore-560 070, (Karnataka)

22. Madras Institute Of Technology, Anna University, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, (Tamil Nadu)

23. National Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, 1/2, Canal Road, Ballupur, Dehradun 248001, (Uttarakhand)

24. National Institute of Aeronautical Engineering, 1/2, Canal Road, Ballupur, Dehradun 248001, (Uttarakhand)

Official Residence ,

Official Residence

Buckingham Palace-Queen -King of Britain

10,Downing Street-Prime Minister of Britain

White House-US President

No.1 Observatory Circle-Vice President of USA

Elysse Palace-President of France

Apostolic Palace-Pope of Rome

The Lodge-Prime Minister of Australia

Abdin Palace-President of Egypt

Kokyo Palace-King of Japan

Blue House-President of South Korea

Narayanhiti Palace-King of Nepal

Malacanang Palace-President of Philippines

7 Race Cource Road-Prime Minister of India

Secret Investigation Agencies, CBI, Police

Secret Investigation Agencies

Federal Bureau of Invesigation-USA

Central Intelligence Agency-USA

MI-5-Britain

RAW-India

Mozad-Israel

Guoanbu-China

D.G.S.E-France

VEVAK-Iran

G-2-Ireland

Naicho-Japan

ISI-Pakistan

Tourist Places,Monuments &Buildings in the world ,

Tourist Places,Monuments ,Buildings in the world

Al-Aqusa Mosque-Jerusalem

Broadway-New York

Brown House-Berlin

Colossium-Rome

Harley Street-London

India House-London

Kaaba-Mecca

Merdeka Palace-Jakartha

Oval-London

Reds Square-Moscow

Sphinx-Egypt

Wailing Wall-Jerusalem

Hadrian's Wall-Northern Britain

Empress Place-Singpore

Altar of Heaven-Beijing(China)

Imperial Palce-Beijing(China)

Alexandria-Egypt

Angkowat -Cambodia

Fleet street-Londen

Greenwich-Londen

Los Angels-California

Mecca-Saudi Arabia

Pearl Harbour-Hawaii Island

Pisa-Italy

Scotland yard-Londen

Taxila-Pakistan

Countries and their Emblems ,Water Lily,Kangaroo,

Countries and their Emblems

Australia -Kangaroo,Wattle

Bangladesh -Water Lily

Belgium -Lion

Canada -White Lily,Flower Emblem -Maple Lily

Chile -Condor and Heumul

Denmark -Beach

Dominica -Sisserou Parrot

Germany-Eagle /Cornflower

France -Lily

Guyana -Canje Pheasant

India -Lion Capitol

Iran - Rose

Ireland-Shamrock

Israel -Cabndelabrum

Ivory Coast-Elephant

Japan -Chrysanthemum

Hong Kong-Bauhinta (Orchid Tree)

Lebanon-Cedar Tree

Luxembourg-Lion with crown

Mongolia -The Soyombo

Netherlands-lion

Pakisthan-Crescent,Jasmine

Papua New Guinea -Bird of Paradise

Poland-Eagle

San Marino-Feathers

Spain -Eagle

Senegal -Bao bab tree

Srilanka-Lion

Sudan-Secretary Bird

Syria -Eagle

Turkey-Crescent and Star

United Kingdom-Rose

USA -Golden Rod,Bald Eagle

Zimbabwe-Zimbabwe Bird

World Instiitutions .Confucianism,Taoism,Fascism

World Instiitutions and their founders

United Nations - Joseph Stalin (USSR) Winston Churchill (U K) and Franklin D Roosevelt (USA)
Red Cross -Jean -Henri Dunant

BoyScouts -Baden Powell

YMCA -Sir George Williams

Kinder Garden -Frochel

Lion's Club -Melvin John

Salvation Army -William Booth

Nursing System-Florence Nightingale

Fascism -Benito Mussolini

Protestant Religion-Martin Luther

Nazism -Adolf Hilter

Montessori System -Maria Montessori

Cubism -Pable Piccasso

Amnesty International -Peter berenson

Zorastrianism-Zoraster

Taoism -Lao Tse

Bahaism -Mirza Hussian Ali

Confucianism -Confucius

Venue of Olympic Games,Athens,

Venue of Olympic Games

Year -Venue

1896-Athens

1900-Paris

1904-St.Louis

1908-London

1912-Stokholm(Sweden)

1916-Not held because of World War

1920-Antwerp(Belgium)

1924-Paris

1928-Amsterdam(Netherlands)

1932-Los Angelus(USA)

1936-Berlin

1940 and 1944-Not held because of World War II

1948-London

1952-Helsinki (Finland)

1956-Melbourne

1960-Rome

1964-Tokyo

1968-Mexico

1972-Munich (Germany)

1976-Montreal (Canada)

1984-Los Angeles (USA)

1988-Seoul (Korea)

1992-Barcelona

1996-Atlanda(USA)

2000-Sydney(Australia)

2004-Athens

2008-Beijing

2012-London (to be held)

Trophies Associated with International Sports ,Wimbledon ,Thomas Cup

Trophies Associated with International Sports

American Cup -Yatch Racing

Ashes -Cricket (Australia -England)

Canada Cup-Golf (World Championship)

Colombo Cup-Foot Ball (India, Pakisthan,Srilanka,and Myanmar)

Davis Cup-Lawn Tennis

Corbillon Cup-World Table Tennis (women)

Derby -Horse Race (England)

Grand National -Horse Steeple Chase Race(England )

Hopman Cup-Tennis

Jules Rimet Trophy- World Soccer Cup

King's Cup -Air Races (England)

Merdeka -(Foot Ball (Asian)

Prince of Whales Cup-Golf(England)

Ryder Cup-Golf (England)

Schneider Cup -Seaplane Race(UK)

Sway thing Cup - World Table Tennis (Men)

Thomas Cup -World Badminton

Tunku Abdul Rahman Cup-Badminton (Asian)

U Thant Cup -Tennis

Uber Cup-World Badminton (Women)

Walker Cup -Golf (England)

Westchester Cup -Polo (England)

Wightman Cup -Lawn Tennis

Wimbledon Trophy -Lawn Tennis

World Cup-Cricket

World Cup-Hockey

Boundary Lines ,MacMohan Line, Durand Line

Boundary Lines of Earth

Durand Line - Between Pakisthan And Afghanistan

MacMohan Line-Between India and China

Maginot Line-Between France and Germany

Order -Niesse Line -Between Germany and Poland

Radcliffe Line-Between India and Pakisthan

38th Parallel -Between North and South Korea

49th Parallel -Between USA and Canada

16th Parallel-Between Namibia and Angola

Hindenberg Line-Between Germany and Poland

Siegfried Line -Between Germany and France

Important Books Written in Prisons,The Discovery of India

Important Books Written in Prisons

The Discovery of India and Autobiography-Pt.Jawaharlal Nehru

Mein Kampf - Adolf Hitler

My Experiments with Truth-Mahatma Gandhi

Pilgrim's Progress -John Bunyan

Accounts of Travels to the Fast East- Marcopolo

History of the World-Sir Walter Raliegh

De Profoundis - Oscar Wilde

The First Stories of O Henry

Well Known authors in Foriegn Languages,John Keats,Charles Dickens

Well Known authors in Foriegn Languages

English :-

T S Eliot,Cecil Clay Lewis,Alduous Huxley ,Chaucer,Christopher ,Marlowe,William Shakespeare,Francis Bacon, JohnMilton,Bunyan,Dryden,Dr.Johnson,Spencer,Alexander Pope,Henry Feilding ,Oliver Goldsmith,Sheridan,Walter Scott,S T Colleridge,Lord Byron, P B Shelley,John Keats,Robert Browning,Charles Lamb,Charles Dickens,Thomas Hardy,W.M Thackeray,,George Eliot,Charlotte Bronte,Alfred Tennyson,Emily Bronte,Robert Bridges, George Bernard Shaw ,Galsworthy,,DH Laurance,W B Yeats,William Wordsworth

French:-

Moliere, Proudhon, AlexanderDumas, Victor Hugo, Jean Paul Sartre, Leage, Balzac, Gustave Flaubert.

Greek :-

Aesop,Herodotus, Hesoid, Homer,TheocritusXenophon, Aeschylus, Sophocles, Aristophanes Euripdes

German :-

Schelling,Goethe,Schaupenhuer,Heinrich Heiene ,Hoffman,Lessing,Gunther Grass

Latin :-

Seneca ,Virgil,Dante, Boccacio,Ovid,Horace,Terence

Spanish:-

Cervbantes,Juan Valera,Lope De Vega
Persian :- Amir Khusro,Abul Fazal,Firdausi,Ghalib,Mohd.Umar Khayyam,Faiz.
Russian :- Tolstoy, Dostoevsky,Maxim Gorby,Technov,Alexander Solzhenitsyn ,Mikhail Solokhov,Turgenev,Boris Pasternak

important towns,rivers in the world,Thames,Danube,Rhine

Important towns and rivers of the world

Town - Rivers

Lisbon (Portugal) -Tagus

Berlin (Germany) -Spree

Belgrade (Yugoslavia)-Danube

Paris (France) -Seine

Danzing (Germany)-Vistula

Budapest(Hungary)-Danube

London (Britain)-Thames

Glassgow(Britain)-Clyde

Liverpool(Britain)-Messey

Quebec(Canada)-St.Lawrence

Montreal(Canada)-St.Lawrence

Philadelphia(USA)-Delaware

New Orleans(USA)-Mississippi

Cologn(Germany)-Rhine

Vienns (Austria)-Danube

Warsaw(Poland)-Vistula

Hamburg(Germany)-Elbe

Dresden (Germany)-Elbe

Rome (Italy)-Timber

Bristol(Britain)-Avon

New Castle (Britain)-Tyne

Ottawa(Canada)-Ottawo

New York (USA)-Hudson

Washington(USA)-Potomac

Cairo (Egypt)-Nile

Karachi(Pakisthan)-Majyan

Baghdad(Iraq)-Tigris

Sanghai(China)-Yongtse

KiangAnkara(Turkey) -Kazil

Wildlife ,Nilgiri,National Parks,Santuaries

Wildlife of Kerala

Ernakulam
This sanctuary is famous for its Nilgiri Tahr, an endangered animal. Actually this was set up specially for the preservation of this Nilgiri Tahr. Now the number of Tahrs has increased and they constitute the largest known population of Tahrs existing in the world. In addition to Tahr, this park shelters is a good reserve for elephants, sambars, gaurs, lion-tailed macaque, Nilgiri languor, tigers and leopards.Accommodation and board facilities are available at Munnar, the nearest town, which is connected to Kottayam (148 km.) and Ernakulam (130 km.) by road. There is a motor able road upto Rajamally. Further, travel is on foot, but the trekking is really enjoyable.
Silent Valley.The Silent Valley contains rain forests and it is perhaps the only vestige of a near virgin forest in the whole of the Western Ghats. Elephants, tigers, wild dog, flying squirrel and lion-tailed macaque are found here.Vehicular traffic is allowed upto Mukkali from Mannarghat. From Mukkali one has to cover at least 24 km on foot to reach the source of river Kuntipuzha, which flows through the valley.Nearest railhead is Palghat, 75 km away. Admission is restricted here. Prior permission is required to visit the part. For further detail contact: The Divisional Forest Officer, Palghat
Parambikulam National Park
This bird sanctuary is by the side of branches of River Periyar. The rivers are rich in fishlife and are abundant of water for most of the year. The avifauna includes both resting indigenous birds and water birds. The most notable of the indigenous birds are Malabar grey hornbill, grey jungle fowl, heron, egret, jungle myna, wood pecker, rose winged and blue winged parakeet. Rare birds like Ceylon frog-mouth, rose billed roller etc. are also seen. Parambikulam is endowed with luxuriant vegetation. The most noted animals located here are gaur (bison). Sambar, spotted deer, jungle cat, lion-tailed macaque, common otter, sloth bear etc. are also seen. There are also a few tigers and leopards. Facilities for boarding and lodging are available at the sanctuary. There are forest rest houses at Thunacadavu, Thellikkal and Elathode. Motor transport and boat cruise can be arranged on request The Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary of Tamil Nadu lies adjacent.
Peppara National Park
Peppara is accessible from Vithurai on Thiruvananthapuram Ponmudi road. This sanctuary with its rich fauna and birds is emerging as a big attraction to wildlife enthusiasts. It is spread over an area of 53 Sq. km. on the Western Ghats. This is dotted with large hills and numerous hillocks with forests and Eucalyptus plantations. Elephant, Sambar, Leopard and Lion tailed macaque are commonly seen
Nagarhole National Park
Accessibility of this sanctuary is 40 km from Mananthavady. There are no bus services to Nagarhole from Mananthavady, only jeeps and trucks are available. There is a PWD Rest House, Forest Rest House and Forest Inspection Bungalow at Mananthavady. The reservation authorities are the District Collector, Waynad and the DFO, Mananthavady. There are also mid range hotels and an Indian Coffee House here. From Cannanore, Tellicherry and Calicut there are frequent buses to Mananthavady
Periyar National Park
It covers an area of about 777 sq. km. of lush green tropical forests, and also is the natural habitat of elephant, bison, spotted deer, sambar, bear etc. The drive to Thekkady itself is enchanting as the road winds through tranquil countryside, rich plantations and thick jungles.
The sanctuary offers a lovely and comfortable way to see the animals via boat rides on the man-made lake, which the wildlife areas encircle. In addition to the wild life, there are water and land birds galore here, and one can sometimes find dedicated bird watchers setting in for one or two weeks of serious observations. Colorful variety of birds like the Malabar Grey Hornbill, Grey jungle fowl and the Jungle Myna are seen.

MONUMENTS IN KERALA ,Palaces,Churches,Temples

MONUMENTS IN KERALA

Kerala has a rich repertoire of historic and cultural monuments. In regions like Fort Kochi which was a trade centre for centuries, the architecture is a curious mix of typical Kerala, European, Chinese, Jewish and Arabic styles. But the most prevalent architectural style is the traditional Kerala style ­nalukettu or ettukettu (four or eight sided structures with a central courtyard and verandah opening out to it). The low sloping roofs and brick walls were designed to match the climatic conditions and texture of the land.

In Trivandrum District ,Padmanabha Swamy Temple is famous.It is Dedicated to Lord Vishnu. It's architectural style is Kerala and Dravidian It is known for its mural paintings and stonecarvings.Kuthiramalika (Puthenmalika) Palace museum was designed and built by Maharajah Swathi Thirunal Balarama Varma, the poet king, musician, social reformer and statesman. This has exquisite wood carvings and displays priceless paintings and other articles.The Napier Museum : (Open 10'o clock to 17 hrs. Closed on Mondays & Wednesday forenoons) The Indo - Saracenic structure dating back to the 19th century, boasts a "natural" air conditioning system, houses a rare collection of archaeological and historic artifacts, bronze idols, ancient ornaments, a temple chariot and ivory carvings. The use of plastic is banned in the museum premises. Sree Chithra Art Gallery : (Open 10-5 hrs. Closed on Mondays & Wednesday forenoons) Located near the Napier Museum, this art gallery displays select paintings of Raja Ravi Varma, Svetlova and Nicholas Roerich and exquisite works from the Rajput, Mughal and Tanjore schools of art in India. The collection also includes paintings from China, Japan, Tibet and Bali.Padmanabhapuram Palace (63 km - 2 '/2 hours. Closed on Mondays) : The seat of the erstwhile rulers of Travancore, this splendid palace is situated at Thuckalai, on the way to Kanyakumari. This is a well preserved wooden palace, a glorious testimony to the traditional Kerala School of architecture. The extraordinary murals, exquisite floral carvings and the black glossy granite floor have withstood the test of time.

Alappuzha is famous for Krishnapuram Palace : The palace museum is known for its collection of antique sculptures, paintings and bronzes. The 18th century mural Gajendramoksham is the largest mural in Kerala.
In Ernakulam St. Francis Church ,Built in 1503 by Portuguese Fransciscan friars, is the India's oldest European church. Vasco da Gama's mortal remains were buried here in 1524 before they were removed to Lisbon.Santa Cruz Basilica : Dating back to 1558, this church has beautiful murals on the ceiling.Mattanchery (Dutch) Palace : Built in 1557, the palace has on display murals depicting scenes from the Indian epics and legends, Dutch maps, period furniture and royal collections.Jewish Synagogue : The oldest synagogue in the common wealth, this was constructed in 1568. Hand painted willow patterned floor tiles, Hebrew inscriptions on stone slabs, scrolls from the Old Testament, ancient scripts on copper plates etc. are the attractions here.Bolgatty Palace : Built by the Dutch in 1744, this palace is today a hotel run by the Kerala Tourism Development Corporation.Hill Palace Museum, Thripunithura : The palace complex built in 1865 houses an ethno archaeological museum and Kerala's first ever heritage museum.Chinese Fishing Nets / Vasco da Gama Square These huge cantilevered fishing nets are the legacy of one of the first visitors to the Malabar Coast. Erected here between 1350 and 1450 AD by traders from the court of Kublai Khan, these nets are built of teak wood and bamboo poles. The best place to watch the nets being lowered into the sea and catch being brought in is the Vasco da Gama Square, a narrow promenade that runs along the beach. The Square is an ideal place to idle, with stalls serving fresh delicious seafood, tender coconut etc.

Palakkad Fort : This fort was built by Hyder Ali of Mysore in 1766.Kozhikode Thali Temple : Dating back to the 14 th century, the temple is a fine example of the total integration that can exist between wood and laterite.Ambalavayal Heritage Museum : One of the best heritage museums in Kerala, this one houses artifacts that belong to the various tribes of the land.

Kannur St.Angelo Fort : Built by the Portuguese Viceroy, Don Fransiscan De Almeda in1505, this fort became one of the important military centres of the Dutch and later the British in Malabar.The Thalasseri Fort : This fort was constructed in 1708 as the military centre of the British.Thodeekulam Siva Temple : Believed to have been built about 2000 years ago, this temple is famous for it mural paintings.

Kasaragod Bekal Fort : The 300 year old fort is one of the largest and best preserved forts in Kerala.This imposing circular laterite structure rises 130 ft above sea level and stands on a 35 acre headland that runs into the Arabian Sea.Ananthapura Lake Temple : This 9 th century monument is the only lake temple in Kerala.